2019考研英语阅读之词汇题解题步骤及技巧

　　【解题方法】题干+上下文语境

　　【解题步骤】

　　1. 找出题干关键词，精确定位到单词所在的语句;

　　2. 结合该词所在的上下文语境进行语义判断。在判断意思时，需要注意若该单词是熟悉的词汇，并且不超纲，那么它的字面意思绝对不是正确答案。其正确答案是根据上下文推出的更深层的含义，该含义也许与原单词表面意思没有关系。

　　【例题】2015年英语二Text 1 Q.24.

　　Text 1

　　A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys. People are actually more stressed at home than at work. Researchers measured people's cortntlol, which is it at stress marker while they were at work. And while they were at home they found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge.

　　"Further contradicting conventional wisdom, we found that women as well as men have lower levels of stress at work than at home," writes one of the researchers, Sarah Damaske. In fact, women say they feel better at work. She notes, "it is men not women who report being happier at home than at work." Another surprise is that the findings hold true for both those with children and without, but more so for non-parents. This is why pcople who work outside the home have better health.

　　What the study doesn't measure is whether people are still doing work when they're at home, whether it is household work or work brought home from the office. For many men, the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women who stay home, they never get to leave the office. And for women who work outside the home, they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With the blurring of roles, and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace in making adjustments for working women, it's not surprising that women are more stressed at home.

　　But it's not just a gender thing. At work, people pretty much know what they're supposed to be doing: working, making money, doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income. The bargain is very pure: Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining material.

　　On the home front, however, people have no such clarity. Rare is the household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There are a lot of tasks to be done, there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues - your family - have no clear rewards for their labor; they need to be talked into it, or if they're teenagers, threatened with complete removal of all electronic devices. Plus, they're your family. You cannot fire your family. You never really get to go home from home.

　　So it's not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are the tasks apparently infinite, the co-workers are much harder to motivate.

　　24.The word"moola"(Line 4，Para 4)most probably means___________

　　[A]energy

　　[B]skills

　　[C]earnings

　　[D]nutrition

　　【解题步骤应用】

　　1. 题干定位

　　根据关键词回文定位到文章第四段最后一句The bargain is very pure: Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola。

　　2. 上下文语境判断

　　定位到的句子讲劳动和所得的关系，也就是雇员付出一定的体力、脑力劳动，从而得到维持生活的___。该句的前一句At work, people pretty much know what they're supposed to be doing: working, marking money, doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income即工作中，人们清楚地了解他们的任务：工作，挣钱，完成为了获得收入的各种事物。所以可以推断出雇员付出劳动的目的就是获得收入。

　　3. 匹配选项

　　[C] earnings.

　　At work, people ---- Employee，劳动者即雇员;

　　physical or mental labor ---- working，脑力或体力劳动即雇员的工作。